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	<title>Comments on: Con Court &#8220;shortlist&#8221; avoids tough questions</title>
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	<description>This blog deals with political and social issues in South Africa, mostly from the perspective of Constitutional Law. Written by Pierre de Vos</description>
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		<title>By: Michael Osborne</title>
		<link>http://constitutionallyspeaking.co.za/con-court-shortlist-avoids-tough-questions/#comment-16379</link>
		<dc:creator>Michael Osborne</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 31 Jul 2009 15:53:38 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://constitutionallyspeaking.co.za/?p=1253#comment-16379</guid>
		<description>Kevin, I have defended a number of cases in administrative disciplinary hearings, and I have often wished that I could credibly make the argument that my clients can claim the benefit of the presumption of innocence and other criminal rights.

I would be very grateful indeed if you could give me authority to that effect.  

You may wish to look at Mureinik&#039;s famous article in the SALJ arguing that students in disciplinary hearings should enjoy audi rights.  (Hlophe JP has cited this article several times in his own writings.)   I do not believe either of them has ever gone so far as to argue that s. 35 type rights apply in the admin context.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Kevin, I have defended a number of cases in administrative disciplinary hearings, and I have often wished that I could credibly make the argument that my clients can claim the benefit of the presumption of innocence and other criminal rights.</p>
<p>I would be very grateful indeed if you could give me authority to that effect.  </p>
<p>You may wish to look at Mureinik&#8217;s famous article in the SALJ arguing that students in disciplinary hearings should enjoy audi rights.  (Hlophe JP has cited this article several times in his own writings.)   I do not believe either of them has ever gone so far as to argue that s. 35 type rights apply in the admin context.</p>
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		<title>By: Kevin Sifiso Malunga</title>
		<link>http://constitutionallyspeaking.co.za/con-court-shortlist-avoids-tough-questions/#comment-16378</link>
		<dc:creator>Kevin Sifiso Malunga</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 31 Jul 2009 15:33:27 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://constitutionallyspeaking.co.za/?p=1253#comment-16378</guid>
		<description>Sorry Mike I have not had access to case law today.I&#039;m not at all being flippant.I will fire back on Monday or before that.I do however express a deep seated concern that you believe that the subject of an administrative tribunal has diminished rights.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Sorry Mike I have not had access to case law today.I&#8217;m not at all being flippant.I will fire back on Monday or before that.I do however express a deep seated concern that you believe that the subject of an administrative tribunal has diminished rights.</p>
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		<title>By: Michael Osborne</title>
		<link>http://constitutionallyspeaking.co.za/con-court-shortlist-avoids-tough-questions/#comment-16377</link>
		<dc:creator>Michael Osborne</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 31 Jul 2009 15:19:54 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://constitutionallyspeaking.co.za/?p=1253#comment-16377</guid>
		<description>Kevin, with respect, I don&#039;t think you are taking our debate very seriously.  You cannot get away with a vague assertion that administrative law is &quot;clothed with the constitution,&quot; and refuse to engage with the case law or the text.

Please explain to me how you interpret Nel v Le Roux.

Re the text,  please note that:

1.  S. 35 (3) provides that the right to be presumed innocent, and a panoply of other rights attach to accused persons AS A MATTER OF CRIMINAL LAW.

2.  S. 33 provided no such thing.

I challenge you to provide a single authority to the effect that the panoply of criminal accused&#039;s rights apply in the admin. context.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Kevin, with respect, I don&#8217;t think you are taking our debate very seriously.  You cannot get away with a vague assertion that administrative law is &#8220;clothed with the constitution,&#8221; and refuse to engage with the case law or the text.</p>
<p>Please explain to me how you interpret Nel v Le Roux.</p>
<p>Re the text,  please note that:</p>
<p>1.  S. 35 (3) provides that the right to be presumed innocent, and a panoply of other rights attach to accused persons AS A MATTER OF CRIMINAL LAW.</p>
<p>2.  S. 33 provided no such thing.</p>
<p>I challenge you to provide a single authority to the effect that the panoply of criminal accused&#8217;s rights apply in the admin. context.</p>
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		<title>By: Chris Mcdaniel</title>
		<link>http://constitutionallyspeaking.co.za/con-court-shortlist-avoids-tough-questions/#comment-16374</link>
		<dc:creator>Chris Mcdaniel</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 31 Jul 2009 13:59:27 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://constitutionallyspeaking.co.za/?p=1253#comment-16374</guid>
		<description>Kevin Sifiso Malunga // Jul 31, 2009 at 3:37 pm 

Kevin much respect you did ok ;)

but yes lets wait and see what happens</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Kevin Sifiso Malunga // Jul 31, 2009 at 3:37 pm </p>
<p>Kevin much respect you did ok <img src='http://constitutionallyspeaking.co.za/wp-includes/images/smilies/icon_wink.gif' alt=';)' class='wp-smiley' /> </p>
<p>but yes lets wait and see what happens</p>
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		<title>By: Kevin Sifiso Malunga</title>
		<link>http://constitutionallyspeaking.co.za/con-court-shortlist-avoids-tough-questions/#comment-16368</link>
		<dc:creator>Kevin Sifiso Malunga</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 31 Jul 2009 13:37:22 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://constitutionallyspeaking.co.za/?p=1253#comment-16368</guid>
		<description>Ah Chris you try thinking while you talk on a  live broadcast...I do lots of that TV stuff actually:-)Indeed you are right about the notion of a preponderance of evidence but you must remember that it entails that there is   greater weight of  evidence for the trier of fact (e.g the JSC) to decide in favour of one side or the other.So this is where my prediction of this case being thrown out partly comes from.And in that context I disagree with Michael that procedural safeguards are relaxed.South Africa&#039;s administrative law is clothed by the constitution and the values in both laws are inseparable and cannot be diluted to suit your personal desires for this particular case Mike.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Ah Chris you try thinking while you talk on a  live broadcast&#8230;I do lots of that TV stuff actually:-)Indeed you are right about the notion of a preponderance of evidence but you must remember that it entails that there is   greater weight of  evidence for the trier of fact (e.g the JSC) to decide in favour of one side or the other.So this is where my prediction of this case being thrown out partly comes from.And in that context I disagree with Michael that procedural safeguards are relaxed.South Africa&#8217;s administrative law is clothed by the constitution and the values in both laws are inseparable and cannot be diluted to suit your personal desires for this particular case Mike.</p>
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		<title>By: Chris Mcdaniel</title>
		<link>http://constitutionallyspeaking.co.za/con-court-shortlist-avoids-tough-questions/#comment-16344</link>
		<dc:creator>Chris Mcdaniel</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 31 Jul 2009 09:20:39 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://constitutionallyspeaking.co.za/?p=1253#comment-16344</guid>
		<description>Kevin Sifiso Malunga // Jul 31, 2009 at 9:38 am 

kevin Ill come out in your defence on this one, you are actually correct.

I saw you on SABC news last night, you stuttted alittle but im sure you were nervious tv shy :)

but what you failed to tell the public in hlophes matter that the standard of proof in disciplinary cases is by a preponderance of the evidence. You dont need emails fax&#039;s or sms to prove his guilt even though that would help but there is a phone call so keep that in mind

Preponderance of evidence:

1)Falsehoods to justify His improper behavior. 

2)By a preponderance, Improper ex parte communications. 

3)Allowing social or other relationships to influence an outcome in a criminal case

4)Attempted retaliation

5)Race and racism

start with those Kevin ;) 

and then Ill show that hlophe should be impeached not only of undue influence but perjury and bringing the judiciary indisrepute in the years as acting as a judge. I look for to his defamation case.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Kevin Sifiso Malunga // Jul 31, 2009 at 9:38 am </p>
<p>kevin Ill come out in your defence on this one, you are actually correct.</p>
<p>I saw you on SABC news last night, you stuttted alittle but im sure you were nervious tv shy <img src='http://constitutionallyspeaking.co.za/wp-includes/images/smilies/icon_smile.gif' alt=':)' class='wp-smiley' /> </p>
<p>but what you failed to tell the public in hlophes matter that the standard of proof in disciplinary cases is by a preponderance of the evidence. You dont need emails fax&#8217;s or sms to prove his guilt even though that would help but there is a phone call so keep that in mind</p>
<p>Preponderance of evidence:</p>
<p>1)Falsehoods to justify His improper behavior. </p>
<p>2)By a preponderance, Improper ex parte communications. </p>
<p>3)Allowing social or other relationships to influence an outcome in a criminal case</p>
<p>4)Attempted retaliation</p>
<p>5)Race and racism</p>
<p>start with those Kevin <img src='http://constitutionallyspeaking.co.za/wp-includes/images/smilies/icon_wink.gif' alt=';)' class='wp-smiley' />  </p>
<p>and then Ill show that hlophe should be impeached not only of undue influence but perjury and bringing the judiciary indisrepute in the years as acting as a judge. I look for to his defamation case.</p>
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		<title>By: Michael</title>
		<link>http://constitutionallyspeaking.co.za/con-court-shortlist-avoids-tough-questions/#comment-16343</link>
		<dc:creator>Michael</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 31 Jul 2009 09:13:34 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://constitutionallyspeaking.co.za/?p=1253#comment-16343</guid>
		<description>Kevin, I am glad you have taken up the challenge.

Like Leigh, I must disagree with your dismal of the presumption of innocence as “semantic.”  If you read Nel v Le Roux you will see that it has practical implications that give an accused special rights in a criminal trial, over and above those in administrative settings.

One implication of the presumption of innocence is that the accused cannot be compelled to testify, and her silence cannot be the basis for an adverse inference.
But that does not apply in administrative proceedings.  There is nothing to stop the tribunal in a disciplinary context from taking silence into account.

More generally the absence of a presumption of innocence in non-criminal proceedings gives license for the relaxation of various procedural safeguards.
I offer that as yet another rebuttal of you treatment of the presumption of innocence as “semantic.”</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Kevin, I am glad you have taken up the challenge.</p>
<p>Like Leigh, I must disagree with your dismal of the presumption of innocence as “semantic.”  If you read Nel v Le Roux you will see that it has practical implications that give an accused special rights in a criminal trial, over and above those in administrative settings.</p>
<p>One implication of the presumption of innocence is that the accused cannot be compelled to testify, and her silence cannot be the basis for an adverse inference.<br />
But that does not apply in administrative proceedings.  There is nothing to stop the tribunal in a disciplinary context from taking silence into account.</p>
<p>More generally the absence of a presumption of innocence in non-criminal proceedings gives license for the relaxation of various procedural safeguards.<br />
I offer that as yet another rebuttal of you treatment of the presumption of innocence as “semantic.”</p>
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		<title>By: Leigh</title>
		<link>http://constitutionallyspeaking.co.za/con-court-shortlist-avoids-tough-questions/#comment-16341</link>
		<dc:creator>Leigh</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 31 Jul 2009 08:15:15 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://constitutionallyspeaking.co.za/?p=1253#comment-16341</guid>
		<description>Kevin, I think that the use of the term &#039;presumption of innocence&#039; has given rise to unnecessary confusion. 

It seems to be a widely recognised principle that the party which makes an allegation is generally saddled with the task of establishing it. Only then would the party against whom the averment was made be called upon to answer.

So if if you mean to advance that Hlophe presently faces mere allegations which have yet to be tested and proved, then I agree. That is, he has not incurred liability.

But as Michael has consistently stressed - and which you correctly conceded in your post dated July 31 at 8:55pm - the term &#039;presumption of innocence&#039; is best confined to criminal law contexts.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Kevin, I think that the use of the term &#8216;presumption of innocence&#8217; has given rise to unnecessary confusion. </p>
<p>It seems to be a widely recognised principle that the party which makes an allegation is generally saddled with the task of establishing it. Only then would the party against whom the averment was made be called upon to answer.</p>
<p>So if if you mean to advance that Hlophe presently faces mere allegations which have yet to be tested and proved, then I agree. That is, he has not incurred liability.</p>
<p>But as Michael has consistently stressed &#8211; and which you correctly conceded in your post dated July 31 at 8:55pm &#8211; the term &#8216;presumption of innocence&#8217; is best confined to criminal law contexts.</p>
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		<title>By: Kevin Sifiso Malunga</title>
		<link>http://constitutionallyspeaking.co.za/con-court-shortlist-avoids-tough-questions/#comment-16339</link>
		<dc:creator>Kevin Sifiso Malunga</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 31 Jul 2009 07:38:46 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://constitutionallyspeaking.co.za/?p=1253#comment-16339</guid>
		<description>Michael,I never run from a fight:-)You&#039;re absolutely right that the doctrine of presumption of innocence in its pure semantic form largely belongs to the realm of criminal procedure.However this being essentially an administrative tribunal it has to follow the tenets of substantive and procedural due process which essentially entail presuming someone innocent until the contrary is proven.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Michael,I never run from a fight:-)You&#8217;re absolutely right that the doctrine of presumption of innocence in its pure semantic form largely belongs to the realm of criminal procedure.However this being essentially an administrative tribunal it has to follow the tenets of substantive and procedural due process which essentially entail presuming someone innocent until the contrary is proven.</p>
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		<title>By: nkululeko</title>
		<link>http://constitutionallyspeaking.co.za/con-court-shortlist-avoids-tough-questions/#comment-16333</link>
		<dc:creator>nkululeko</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 30 Jul 2009 18:55:21 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://constitutionallyspeaking.co.za/?p=1253#comment-16333</guid>
		<description>Mzo
This is quite random but I think that a surname should be spelt as the person does. Generally, Zulu does have the &quot;h&quot; on the softer sounds like: phela by comparison to ngempela. You have not been spelling it correctly and that is that. Maybe my defence is because of the spelling of my own surname (not the conventional spelling).
I doubt this is really racist but being sloppy.

Skhokho said something about racism at universities suggesting that hanging with people of one&#039;s own race is racist. I hink people go for that which is most similar to them. It may be race, socio-econimic class, res, types of schools or the schools themselves. much like at my high school where the separeation was less on race than who was or was not a border.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Mzo<br />
This is quite random but I think that a surname should be spelt as the person does. Generally, Zulu does have the &#8220;h&#8221; on the softer sounds like: phela by comparison to ngempela. You have not been spelling it correctly and that is that. Maybe my defence is because of the spelling of my own surname (not the conventional spelling).<br />
I doubt this is really racist but being sloppy.</p>
<p>Skhokho said something about racism at universities suggesting that hanging with people of one&#8217;s own race is racist. I hink people go for that which is most similar to them. It may be race, socio-econimic class, res, types of schools or the schools themselves. much like at my high school where the separeation was less on race than who was or was not a border.</p>
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