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	<title>Comments on: The past is very unpredictable and may not exist</title>
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	<link>http://constitutionallyspeaking.co.za/the-past-is-very-unpredictable-and-may-not-exist/</link>
	<description>This blog deals with political and social issues in South Africa, mostly from the perspective of Constitutional Law. Written by Pierre de Vos</description>
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		<title>By: Anonymouse</title>
		<link>http://constitutionallyspeaking.co.za/the-past-is-very-unpredictable-and-may-not-exist/#comment-44849</link>
		<dc:creator>Anonymouse</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 08 Apr 2011 14:37:09 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://constitutionallyspeaking.co.za/?p=2019#comment-44849</guid>
		<description>Maggs Naidu - maggsnaidu@hotmail.com says: 
April 8, 2011 at 15:56 pm
Anonymouse
April 8, 2011 at 12:08 pm

Hey Mouse,

It seems the oke has got more serious concerns right now.

Will it be defamation if I said drunkard?

Former Ekurhuleni metro police chief Robert McBride was on Friday convicted of drunken driving and defeating the ends of justice, SABC news reported. 

http://www.timeslive.co.za/local/article1010143.ece/McBride-guilty-of-drunk-driving

Anonymouse says: 
April 8, 2011 at 16:35 pm
Maggs

Not ‘drunkard’ – but ‘drunken driver’. He has been convicted of drunken driving and defeating the ends of justice, however was acquitted on a charge of fraud http://www.news24.com/SouthAfrica/News/McBride-guilty-of-drunk-driving-20110408
Nevertheless, the Citizen was right – he was never a fit and proper person to head the metro Police force, which makes one wonder why there are so many corrupt, thieving, drunken, drug-using high-school-dropouts in that force that were appointed on his watch – e.g., some guys taking you home at night and accepting (or stealing) cash (or credit cards) instead of arresting and charging you with drunken driving (one of them however unfortunately picked the wrong drunken Blue Bull forward to pull this stunt with) – if you get my drift. But there are many such stories and accusations that are never properly investigated (or have never been properly investigated on his watch). Oops, I must watch out, or else the following headline might hit he press: “Mouse sued for defamation”.

P.S. – I think the right place to post this would be under the original post on the SCA decision – and I will copy this there.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Maggs Naidu &#8211; <a href="mailto:maggsnaidu@hotmail.com">maggsnaidu@hotmail.com</a> says:<br />
April 8, 2011 at 15:56 pm<br />
Anonymouse<br />
April 8, 2011 at 12:08 pm</p>
<p>Hey Mouse,</p>
<p>It seems the oke has got more serious concerns right now.</p>
<p>Will it be defamation if I said drunkard?</p>
<p>Former Ekurhuleni metro police chief Robert McBride was on Friday convicted of drunken driving and defeating the ends of justice, SABC news reported. </p>
<p><a href="http://www.timeslive.co.za/local/article1010143.ece/McBride-guilty-of-drunk-driving" rel="nofollow">http://www.timeslive.co.za/local/article1010143.ece/McBride-guilty-of-drunk-driving</a></p>
<p>Anonymouse says:<br />
April 8, 2011 at 16:35 pm<br />
Maggs</p>
<p>Not ‘drunkard’ – but ‘drunken driver’. He has been convicted of drunken driving and defeating the ends of justice, however was acquitted on a charge of fraud <a href="http://www.news24.com/SouthAfrica/News/McBride-guilty-of-drunk-driving-20110408" rel="nofollow">http://www.news24.com/SouthAfrica/News/McBride-guilty-of-drunk-driving-20110408</a><br />
Nevertheless, the Citizen was right – he was never a fit and proper person to head the metro Police force, which makes one wonder why there are so many corrupt, thieving, drunken, drug-using high-school-dropouts in that force that were appointed on his watch – e.g., some guys taking you home at night and accepting (or stealing) cash (or credit cards) instead of arresting and charging you with drunken driving (one of them however unfortunately picked the wrong drunken Blue Bull forward to pull this stunt with) – if you get my drift. But there are many such stories and accusations that are never properly investigated (or have never been properly investigated on his watch). Oops, I must watch out, or else the following headline might hit he press: “Mouse sued for defamation”.</p>
<p>P.S. – I think the right place to post this would be under the original post on the SCA decision – and I will copy this there.</p>
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		<title>By: Anonymouse</title>
		<link>http://constitutionallyspeaking.co.za/the-past-is-very-unpredictable-and-may-not-exist/#comment-44838</link>
		<dc:creator>Anonymouse</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 08 Apr 2011 10:36:30 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://constitutionallyspeaking.co.za/?p=2019#comment-44838</guid>
		<description>I copy this from a more recent blog on the CC&#039;s decision about the Scorpions / Hawks saga - just to have it in the right place
--------------------------------

Anonymouse says: 
April 8, 2011 at 12:08 pm
Another ’split-decision’ by our highest court in the McBride defamation case – http://www.saflii.org.za/za/cases/ZACC/2011/11.html

The majority, so it appears, did not have a problem with McBride having been called a ‘murderer’ in an article by the Citizen – and rightly so! Blowing up MacGoos bar was a brutal act of murder and, even if one received amnesty, the fact that one is a murderer cannot be erased by the state affording one amnesty. Good (no, brilliant) decision by the majority. The only fly in the ointment, this time, was Mogoeng J</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I copy this from a more recent blog on the CC&#8217;s decision about the Scorpions / Hawks saga &#8211; just to have it in the right place<br />
&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8211;</p>
<p>Anonymouse says:<br />
April 8, 2011 at 12:08 pm<br />
Another ’split-decision’ by our highest court in the McBride defamation case – <a href="http://www.saflii.org.za/za/cases/ZACC/2011/11.html" rel="nofollow">http://www.saflii.org.za/za/cases/ZACC/2011/11.html</a></p>
<p>The majority, so it appears, did not have a problem with McBride having been called a ‘murderer’ in an article by the Citizen – and rightly so! Blowing up MacGoos bar was a brutal act of murder and, even if one received amnesty, the fact that one is a murderer cannot be erased by the state affording one amnesty. Good (no, brilliant) decision by the majority. The only fly in the ointment, this time, was Mogoeng J</p>
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		<title>By: Maggs Naidu - maggsnaidu@hotmail.com</title>
		<link>http://constitutionallyspeaking.co.za/the-past-is-very-unpredictable-and-may-not-exist/#comment-32652</link>
		<dc:creator>Maggs Naidu - maggsnaidu@hotmail.com</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 03 Aug 2010 07:18:40 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://constitutionallyspeaking.co.za/?p=2019#comment-32652</guid>
		<description>&quot;McBride was convicted -- period!
EUSEBIUS MCKAISER: COMMENT - Aug 02 2010 18:31

If someone was convicted of murdering people but later granted amnesty for their action, does that mean we should no longer call him or her a murderer? The Supreme Court of Appeal (SCA) thinks not.

It argues that because amnesty aims to achieve reconciliation and nation-building, that requires that we no longer describe someone as a murderer if he or she is granted amnesty. But the Constitutional Court is about to have the final say.&quot;

http://www.mg.co.za/article/2010-08-02-mcbride-was-convicted-period</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>&#8220;McBride was convicted &#8212; period!<br />
EUSEBIUS MCKAISER: COMMENT &#8211; Aug 02 2010 18:31</p>
<p>If someone was convicted of murdering people but later granted amnesty for their action, does that mean we should no longer call him or her a murderer? The Supreme Court of Appeal (SCA) thinks not.</p>
<p>It argues that because amnesty aims to achieve reconciliation and nation-building, that requires that we no longer describe someone as a murderer if he or she is granted amnesty. But the Constitutional Court is about to have the final say.&#8221;</p>
<p><a href="http://www.mg.co.za/article/2010-08-02-mcbride-was-convicted-period" rel="nofollow">http://www.mg.co.za/article/2010-08-02-mcbride-was-convicted-period</a></p>
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		<title>By: Gwebecimele</title>
		<link>http://constitutionallyspeaking.co.za/the-past-is-very-unpredictable-and-may-not-exist/#comment-26214</link>
		<dc:creator>Gwebecimele</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 08 Mar 2010 13:32:25 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://constitutionallyspeaking.co.za/?p=2019#comment-26214</guid>
		<description>When you see statements like these, I dont know whether I should laugh or be angry? After benefiting from apartheid others never thought that they will carry a troubled conscious for the rest of their lives and we will always remind them. 
 
http://www.news24.com/Content/SouthAfrica/986/81b956c8b084412d8017cd4bc702618e/07-03-2010-01-36/De_Kock_Im_no_racist</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>When you see statements like these, I dont know whether I should laugh or be angry? After benefiting from apartheid others never thought that they will carry a troubled conscious for the rest of their lives and we will always remind them. </p>
<p><a href="http://www.news24.com/Content/SouthAfrica/986/81b956c8b084412d8017cd4bc702618e/07-03-2010-01-36/De_Kock_Im_no_racist" rel="nofollow">http://www.news24.com/Content/SouthAfrica/986/81b956c8b084412d8017cd4bc702618e/07-03-2010-01-36/De_Kock_Im_no_racist</a></p>
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		<title>By: Maggs Naidu</title>
		<link>http://constitutionallyspeaking.co.za/the-past-is-very-unpredictable-and-may-not-exist/#comment-26135</link>
		<dc:creator>Maggs Naidu</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 05 Mar 2010 05:34:46 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://constitutionallyspeaking.co.za/?p=2019#comment-26135</guid>
		<description>&quot;Woman sues over parolee employee

A Newcastle businesswoman is claiming R358 000 from the Khulisa Crime Prevention Institute alleging that she was shot by a parolee she had employed at its behest. In documents before the high court in Pietermaritzburg, Daphne Clark contends she was not fully informed about the man. She was not told that he had murdered his wife with a machete, that he had psychological problems and was manipulative, clever and had violent tendencies. Khulisa, headquartered in Rosebank, Joburg, is a Section 21, not-for-profit company that seeks to rehabilitate and educate offenders. It has denied the allegations and intends defending the claim. Clark suffered permanent disfigurement and disabilities. - Sapa&quot;

http://www.thestar.co.za/?fArticleId=5378045</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>&#8220;Woman sues over parolee employee</p>
<p>A Newcastle businesswoman is claiming R358 000 from the Khulisa Crime Prevention Institute alleging that she was shot by a parolee she had employed at its behest. In documents before the high court in Pietermaritzburg, Daphne Clark contends she was not fully informed about the man. She was not told that he had murdered his wife with a machete, that he had psychological problems and was manipulative, clever and had violent tendencies. Khulisa, headquartered in Rosebank, Joburg, is a Section 21, not-for-profit company that seeks to rehabilitate and educate offenders. It has denied the allegations and intends defending the claim. Clark suffered permanent disfigurement and disabilities. &#8211; Sapa&#8221;</p>
<p><a href="http://www.thestar.co.za/?fArticleId=5378045" rel="nofollow">http://www.thestar.co.za/?fArticleId=5378045</a></p>
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		<title>By: SC</title>
		<link>http://constitutionallyspeaking.co.za/the-past-is-very-unpredictable-and-may-not-exist/#comment-26123</link>
		<dc:creator>SC</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 04 Mar 2010 13:53:24 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://constitutionallyspeaking.co.za/?p=2019#comment-26123</guid>
		<description>It makes no difference whether you call someone a murderer or killer in the context of this judgement . Calling someone a murderer, killer ,rapist, criminal is defamatory.Only in certain well defined circumstances is it lawful to publish &quot;defamatory&quot; comments. One of those instances is if it is the truth AND in the public benefit. Every layman knows that these words are defamatory on the face of it. A newspaper editor or any person seeking to publish defamatory comments ought to first obtain legal advice before publishing &quot;defamatory&quot; statements. For example if someone was convicted of fraud and it was overturned on appeal you cannot keep referring to them as a fraudster. You could however write that he was convicted , but it was overturned on appeal due to a legal technicality or something.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>It makes no difference whether you call someone a murderer or killer in the context of this judgement . Calling someone a murderer, killer ,rapist, criminal is defamatory.Only in certain well defined circumstances is it lawful to publish &#8220;defamatory&#8221; comments. One of those instances is if it is the truth AND in the public benefit. Every layman knows that these words are defamatory on the face of it. A newspaper editor or any person seeking to publish defamatory comments ought to first obtain legal advice before publishing &#8220;defamatory&#8221; statements. For example if someone was convicted of fraud and it was overturned on appeal you cannot keep referring to them as a fraudster. You could however write that he was convicted , but it was overturned on appeal due to a legal technicality or something.</p>
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		<title>By: David Watson</title>
		<link>http://constitutionallyspeaking.co.za/the-past-is-very-unpredictable-and-may-not-exist/#comment-26121</link>
		<dc:creator>David Watson</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 04 Mar 2010 13:21:30 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://constitutionallyspeaking.co.za/?p=2019#comment-26121</guid>
		<description>Hm, I am not convinced that the reasonable person would know that there is a difference. (I will ask the law students I tutor in first year what they think murder is as opposed to killing).

As to whether calling someone a murder is defamatory - all other things being equal I would agree that it is.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Hm, I am not convinced that the reasonable person would know that there is a difference. (I will ask the law students I tutor in first year what they think murder is as opposed to killing).</p>
<p>As to whether calling someone a murder is defamatory &#8211; all other things being equal I would agree that it is.</p>
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		<title>By: Michael Osborne</title>
		<link>http://constitutionallyspeaking.co.za/the-past-is-very-unpredictable-and-may-not-exist/#comment-26120</link>
		<dc:creator>Michael Osborne</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 04 Mar 2010 13:17:25 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://constitutionallyspeaking.co.za/?p=2019#comment-26120</guid>
		<description>I think the reasonable person knows that murder is defined by the law as the unjustifiable, intentional killing of a human being.   This is a case where the technical legal elements of the crime are not far removed from the common sense lay view.

Also, let me ask you this: If calling someone a murderer is not defamatory, what is?</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I think the reasonable person knows that murder is defined by the law as the unjustifiable, intentional killing of a human being.   This is a case where the technical legal elements of the crime are not far removed from the common sense lay view.</p>
<p>Also, let me ask you this: If calling someone a murderer is not defamatory, what is?</p>
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		<title>By: David Watson</title>
		<link>http://constitutionallyspeaking.co.za/the-past-is-very-unpredictable-and-may-not-exist/#comment-26119</link>
		<dc:creator>David Watson</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 04 Mar 2010 12:37:21 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://constitutionallyspeaking.co.za/?p=2019#comment-26119</guid>
		<description>@ Mr Osborne It doesn&#039;t seem entirely appropriate to hold non-lawyers to terms of art used by lawyers. I would imagine that most people don&#039;t even realize that being a murderer is different to being a killer.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>@ Mr Osborne It doesn&#8217;t seem entirely appropriate to hold non-lawyers to terms of art used by lawyers. I would imagine that most people don&#8217;t even realize that being a murderer is different to being a killer.</p>
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		<title>By: Michael Osborne</title>
		<link>http://constitutionallyspeaking.co.za/the-past-is-very-unpredictable-and-may-not-exist/#comment-26118</link>
		<dc:creator>Michael Osborne</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 04 Mar 2010 12:34:23 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://constitutionallyspeaking.co.za/?p=2019#comment-26118</guid>
		<description>Pierre, it seems to me your objection is not to the SCA judgment itself, but more with the common law of defamation. By your argument, it would always be problematic to hold someone liable for labelling another a “murderer” --  irrespective of whether there was a question of immunity or amnesty.

But, as you know, “murder” is a term of art, with distinct formal elements.  Whether or not someone is a murderer is not, in law, a matter of opinion, and is not a matter of fair comment.   On the other hand, the term “killer” has no definite legal meaning.

One might argue that the common law of defamation should be developed in light of the const. value of free expression.  But that was not really before the Court.

As you also suggest, the problem may be with the Orwellian TRC Act.  But I do not believe that the Citizen challenged the constitutionality of the Act.  So you cannot fault the SCA for not striking down the Act.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Pierre, it seems to me your objection is not to the SCA judgment itself, but more with the common law of defamation. By your argument, it would always be problematic to hold someone liable for labelling another a “murderer” &#8212;  irrespective of whether there was a question of immunity or amnesty.</p>
<p>But, as you know, “murder” is a term of art, with distinct formal elements.  Whether or not someone is a murderer is not, in law, a matter of opinion, and is not a matter of fair comment.   On the other hand, the term “killer” has no definite legal meaning.</p>
<p>One might argue that the common law of defamation should be developed in light of the const. value of free expression.  But that was not really before the Court.</p>
<p>As you also suggest, the problem may be with the Orwellian TRC Act.  But I do not believe that the Citizen challenged the constitutionality of the Act.  So you cannot fault the SCA for not striking down the Act.</p>
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